Обучение восприятию и пониманию иностранной речи на слух

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Целью данной работы выступает определение научных основ и методики обучения восприятию иноязычной речи на слух в процессе преподавания английского языка на основе анализа методической литературы по данной теме с учётом характерных особенностей протекания процесса аудирования.

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Введение 2
Глава 1. Теоретические основы обучения восприятию и пониманию иноязычной речи на слух3
1.1Психофизиологические механизмы аудирования и понимания как центральное звено восприятия речи на слух3
1.2Факторы, обуславливающие успешность аудирования6
1.3Основные трудности восприятия иноязычной речи на слух 10
Глава 2. Методика обучения учащихся средней школы восприятию иноязычной речи на слух12
2.1 Коммуникативный подход к обучению восприятию иноязычной речи на
слух12
2.2 Комплекс упражнений для обучения аудированию 16
Заключение 23
Библиографический список 25
Приложение 26

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5. The biggest change in the language came in 1066, when the Normans conquered Britain.

6. The Normans brought to Britain Latin words.

7. English has borrowed words only from European languages.

8. English has borrowed words from European languages and from countries further away.

9. Today a lot of languages borrow words from English.

KEYS: “TRUE” — 1, 3, 5, 8, 9 “FALSE” — 2, 4, 6, 7.

Учащиеся видят результат теста с итоговой оценкой на экране монитора.

2) Аудирование с  извлечением конкретной информации.

Teacher: If I am not mistaken, you’ve learnt a lot of new, interesting things about the English language. Well, and now let’s make some groups. Put up your hands who was born in autumn (spring, summer, winter). Pupils who was born in winter will make the first group (2nd in spring, 3d in summer…)

1) Each group will get a card. Your task is listen to the text again, work in groups & mark what languages the following words come from? Match the word and the language (учитель раздаёт учащимся карточки с заданием, учащиеся слушают текст повторно).

2) Group Work

Arabic, Chinese, Italian, French, German, Greek, Indian, Spanish
 

 

I   II   III   IV  
word language word language word language word language
man German and German house German summer German
language French Parliament French hotel French example French
guitar Spanish bank Italian sugar Arabic helicopter Greek
pyjamas Indian bungalow Indian tea Chinese coffee Arabic
 

(Учащиеся группой отмечают слова и языки, из которых они были заимствованы, затем проверяем ответы.)

3) Teacher: What Arabic (Chinese, Italian); French; German; (Greek, Indian, Spanish) words have you found?

KEYS:

Arabic Chinese Italian French German Greek Indian Spanish
sugar tea bank language man helicopter pyjamas guitar
coffee     Parliament and   bungalow  
      hotel house      
      example summer      
 

4) Teacher: Can you think of any English words which are used in our language?

Pupils: distance, instrument, politics, summit, organization, price list, business…

Teacher: So you see every language borrows new words, without new words languages can’t grow and change.

VI. Развитие грамматических навыков говорения

1) Word Web (Passive Voice)

Teacher: I’d like you to brainstorm main fields you associate with the English language.

Write down your point of view on the leaf and stick it on the tree (учащиеся записывают на бумажных кленовых листочках свои варианты ответов, подходят к дереву и прикрепляют на него листья).

Teacher: We can come to the conclusion that English is an important language.

2) Teacher: Why do so many people prefer it to other foreign languages?

Pupils: It - is easier to learn than any other languages;

- borrows words and phrases from the very countries into which it expands;

 - has become the standard language for all kinds of international communication;

- a must for many technical jobs;

- an international language of business people

VII. Развитие навыков диалогической речи

1) Teacher: Some people say English isn’t a world language but American is. Work in pairs. Take these cards. You can see some opinions about British and American English.

Ask your partner which side (s)he is in? Why does (s)he think so? Give your opinion.

Which side

are you in?

In my opinion…

Beyond a doubt…

I’m sure…

I can be mistaken,

but I think…

American English 

British English

is a world language
Why do you

think so?

In my opinion…

Beyond a doubt…

I’m sure…

I can be mistaken,

but I think…

 
British English 
is - the only correct version of English;

- has a longer history than American;

- the purest form of English which shouldn’t

be changed

American English - full of abbreviations, slangs and twangs;

- more lively and flexible, open to change;

- preferred because of American’s colourful

pop culture;

   - much more exciting

     
 

VIII. Развитие навыков письменной речи

Teacher: You know there are a lot of differences between British and American English. Let’s work with the computer again and see how many American words you know.

(Учащиеся выполняют на компьютере письменную работу.) 

Match BRITISH and AMERICAN ENGLISH variants.

Note, flat, zed, fall, cop, drug store, movie, bill, zee, bin, apartment, autumn, chemist, copper, cinema, can.

BRITISH ENGLISH AMERICAN ENGLISH
   
   
 

Teacher: Let’s check up your variants. What’s your score?

Приложение № 1.

(Проверяем ответы: самоконтроль, на доске таблица с правильными вариантами ответов.)

KEYS:

BRITISH ENGLISH AMERICAN ENGLISH
Note bill
flat apartment
zee zed
autumn fall
copper cop
chemist drug store
cinema movie
bin can
   
 

IX. Развитие навыков монологической речи

Teacher: English has become the first foreign language that much of the world wants to learn. Why are you learning English?

X. Работа с учебником

Teacher: What will the role of the English language be in the 21st century? Open your book at page 154 ex. 8. What’s your opinion on the following statements?

(Учащиеся зачитывают предложения и высказывают своё мнение.) 

XI. Исполнение песни

Teacher: At the end of our lesson I ask all of you to sing the song “Auld Lang Syne” as it units all the English speaking world on New Year’s Eve (исполняем песню).

“Auld Lang Syne”

Should old acquaintance be forgot


And never brought to mind?


Should old acquaintance be forgot


And days of auld lang syne?


And days of auld lang syne, my dear,


And days of auld lang syne,


Should old acquaintance be forgot

And days of auld lang syne? 

XII. Конец урока

 Teacher: Our lesson is going to be end. You’ve worked hard and learnt a lot of useful things. Everybody deserves A’s and B’s. But I also want you to mark your answer yourselves. Tick in the control cards the columns you took part in.

 (Учащиеся заполняют контрольные карточки.) 
 
 

Control Card v Value (points)  
1 Examples of the English-speaking countries.   1
2 Teacher’s questions about the development of the English language.   2
3 “True”, “False” statements in the text about the development of the English language.   5
4 Group work   3
5 Examples of English words which are used in the Russian language.   1
6 Word Web   1
7 Reasons for learning English.   2
8 Pair Work   3
9 Writing work   5
10 Why do you study English? (stories)   7
11 The role of the English language in the 21st century   2
12 Singing a song   1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Teacher: Give me your cards. Thanks for your coming and taking an active part in the lesson. I’m sure that your good knowledge of the English language will help you in you future. I hope you’ll never stop learning and remember Palmer’s words forever.

  “Learning a language has a beginning, but no end”.

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