Задания по "Муниципальному праву"

.V. Прочитайте и переведите следующие предложения:

1. If he knew all the rules, he would spell better.   2. If I were more attentive, I should not make so many mistakes.   3. If I had told her the whole story, she would have believed me.   4. I wish she were here.     5. I wish I knew it.   6. I wish I had never met her.   7. The girl looked as if she were surprised.   8. It looks as if he had known about it long ago.   9. It is time you went to bed.   10. I suggest that he should be invited to the meeting.   11. Take an umbrella in case it rains.   12. He will catch a cold unless he puts on the warm coat.   13. If I had had any free time yesterday, I should have done it myself.   14. Provided he went there alone, he might not find the place.   15. I wished he had come earlier.

VI. Выберите правильный перевод:

1. If I had got your telegram, I should have met you at the airport.

a) Если я получаю от тебя телеграмму, я встречаю тебя в аэропорту.

b) Если бы я получил от тебя телеграмму, я бы встретил тебя в аэропорту.

c) Если я получу от тебя телеграмму, я встречу тебя в аэропорту.

d) Если я получал от тебя телеграмму, я встречал тебя в аэропорту.

2. Were he in Moscow now, he would take part in the discussion.

a) Если он будет в Москве, он примет участие в дискуссии.

b) Бывая в Москве, он принимает участие в дискуссии.

c) Если он бывал в Москве, он принимал участие в дискуссии.

d) Если бы он был сейчас в Москве, он бы принял участие в дискуссии.

3. I wish it were summer now.

a) Жаль, что сейчас лето.

b) Жаль, что было лето.

c) Жаль, что сейчас не лето.

d) Жаль, что будет лето.

4. If she studies much, she will pass her exams successfully.

a) Если она много занимается, она сдает сессию успешно.

b) Если она будет много заниматься, она сдаст сессию успешно.

c) Если бы она много занималась, она бы сдала сессию успешно.

d) Если она много занималась, она сдавала сессию успешно.

5. I wish I had had more time to read.

a) Жаль, что у меня не было больше времени для чтения.

b) Жаль, что у меня не бывает больше времени для чтения.

c) Жаль, что у меня не будет больше времени для чтения.

d) Жаль, что у меня нет больше времени для чтения.

6. Had he enough money, he would buy the car.

a) Если у него будет достаточно денег, он купит машину.

b) Если у него бывает достаточно денег, он покупает машину.

c) Если бы у него было достаточно денег, он бы купил машину.

d) Если у него было достаточно денег, он покупал машину.

7. I might have answered the letter if I had known her address.

a) Я смогу ответить на письмо, если буду знать ее адрес.

b) Я мог отвечать на письмо, если знал ее адрес.

c) Я могу ответить на письмо, если знаю ее адрес.

d) Я мог бы ответить на письмо, если бы знал ее адрес.

VII.  Выберите английский эквивалент :

1.Если бы он был свободен (вчера), я бы попросил его сделать это.

a) If he was free, I asked him to do it.

b) If he is free, I ask him to do it.

c) If he had been free, I'd have asked him to do it.

d) If he were free, I'd ask him to do it.

e) If he is free, I'll ask him to do it.

2. Жаль, что я не знаю, где они живут.

a) I wished I knew where they lived.

b) I wished I knew where they had lived.

c) I wish I knew where they had lived.

d) I wished I had known where they had lived.

e) I wish I knew where they lived. 

3. Если бы он попросил меня, я бы ему помог (завтра).

a) If he asks me, I help him.

b) If he asked me, I helped him.

c) If he had asked me, I'd have helped him.

d) If he asked me, I'd help him.

e) If he asks me, I'll help him.

4. Мы приедем туда в 10 вечера, если поезд не опоздает.

a) We'd come there at 10p.m. if the train were not late.

b) We'll come there at 10p.m. if the train is not late.

c) We'd have come there at 10p.m. if the train had not been late.

d) We came there at 10p.m. if the train was not late.

e) We come there at 10p.m. if the train is not late.

5. Похоже, что все знают это.

a) It seems as if everybody had known it.

b) It seems as if everybody  knew it.

c) It seemed as if everybody knew it.

d) It seemed as if everybody had known it.

e) It seems as if nobody knew it.

6, Если бы он знал грамматику лучше, он бы не сделал столько            ошибок (вчера).

a) If he knew grammar better, he would not make so many mistakes.

b) If he had known grammar better, he would not have made so many mistakes.

c) If he knows grammar better, he won't make so many mistakes.

d) If he knows grammar better, he doesn't make so many mistakes.

e) If he knew grammar better, he didn't make so many mistakes.

7. Если бы они умели хорошо говорить по-английски, они бы не приглашали переводчика.

a) If they can speak English well, they don't invite an interpreter.

b) Could they speak English well, they would not invite an interpreter.

c) If they could speak English well, they didn't invite an interpreter.

d) If they can speak English well, they won't invite an interpreter.

e) If they could speak English well, they would not invite an interpreter.

VIII. Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола:

1. What would your sister do if she ...  free tonight?

a) was                 b) were                                  c) had been

2. You ...  all your exams well if you had not missed classes very often.

a) would pass     b) would have passed          c) had passed

3. He wouldn't know much if he ... so many books.

a) hadn't read     b) didn't read                         c) wouldn't read

4. If I ... it with my own eyes, I shouldn't have believed it.

a) didn't see       b) shouldn't see                    c) hadn't seen

5. If it hadn't rained yesterday, they ... to the country.

a) would have gone     b) would go                           c) went

6. If she ... , he'll be very glad.

a) come              b) will come                           c) comes

7. If  they   ...  enough money, they  would travel around the world.

a) had had          b) had                                    c) would have

IX. Закончите следующие предложения:

1. If he asked me for help, I ...  .    2. If she were a doctor, ...   .

3. Had I much money, ... .      4. If they had told me about it yesterday, ...   5. You would know English better if ... .    6. If I were you, ...  .   7. If she had had a good dictionary at the test, ... .    8. They'll pass their exams successfully if ...  .   9. The contract would have been signed last Friday if ...  .   10. If the contract had been signed yesterday, ... .

X. Дайте полные ответы на следующие вопросы:

1. What would you buy if you had much money?   2. What language would you study if you had a choice?     3. Where would you like to work if you knew English very well?   4. What would you have done if you had not entered the Law Academy?   5. What language would you have begun studying if you had been ten years old?              6. Where would you spend your vacation if it were summer now?          7. Who would comfort you if you failed your exams?   8. When  would you marry if you wanted to do it?   9. Where would you live if you were an American?   10. What would you have done if you had had free time yesterday?

Прочитайте и переведите следующие тексты:

                                               T e x t  1

                            The Legal Profession and the Judiciary

The careers of judge and lawyer are not separated from one another, judges being chosen from among the most successful lawyers. There are two classes of lawyers – barristers and solicitors. Barristers, known collectively as “the Bar”, have the monopoly of presenting cases in the higher courts.  Solicitors are only allowed to do so in lower courts. Their job is to do the preliminary work for lawsuits and to deal with non-controversial matters like the drawing-up of wills or the conveyancing of estate.

         Barristers of long experience who have proved their worth to the Establishment can apply to the Lord Chancellor for a patent as Queen’s Counsel (QC). This is known as “taking silk” since a QC wears a robe of silk in court.

         Since all courts are Queen’s courts, all judges are appointed by the Crown. In England and Wales appointments to the highest positions are made on the recommendation of the Prime Minister, while the Lord Chancellor recommends the appointment of High Court judges, Crown courts judges and stipendiary magistrates (since 2002 – district judges).

         The key figure in British justice is the Lord Chancellor. He is the highest judge in the land. He is also one of the ‘ministers in the cabinet’. He is responsible for the administration of justice and of the courts.

                                               T e x t  2

                            Entering Legal Profession in the UK

Almost all English universities have a faculty of English law. University professors, readers and lecturers teach students. In most cases students are granted the first degree in law on graduation from the university: LLB degree - Bachelor of Laws. As for the higher degrees (LLM degree  - Master of Laws and LLD degree - Doctor of Laws), they require further studies, specialised examinations and dissertations.

         However, in Britain, unlike many other countries, it is not in fact necessary to have a degree to become a lawyer. Although nowadays most people entering the profession do. The main requirement is to have passed the Bar Final examinations (for barristers) or the Law Society Final examinations (for solicitors). Someone with a university degree in a subject other than law needs first to take a preparatory course. And even someone without a degree at all may also prepare for the final examination, but this will take several years.

         Though, even after passing the examination, a lawyer is not necessarily qualified. A solicitor must then spend two years as an articled clerk (клерк-стажер - служащий конторы солиситора, выполняющий свою работу в порядке платы за обучение профессии солиситора) or trainee-solicitor (стажер, практикант), during which time his/her work is supervised by an experienced lawyer, and he/she must take further courses.

  A barrister must spend a similar year as a pupil (помощник адвоката).

                                               T e x t  3

                   Entering Legal Profession in the USA

More than 100,000 students of full-time departments and 20,000 students of part-time and correspondence departments study at present at 177 law schools in the USA.

         After completing the formal education at the university (the course of studies usually lasts 4 years) and having already earned a bachelor's degree, the student is trained at the university law school. He/she studies there for three years. Thus, you need seven years to enter a legal profession. After the law school a graduate has to pass some examinations to be admitted to the legal practice in any state of the country.

         The curriculum of the law school usually includes many compulsory and optional subjects. Thus, first-year students study such subjects as property law, civil procedure, criminal procedure, theory of law enforcement bodies, drafting legal documents, and others. The second-  and third-year students have an option of courses. Some subjects are obligatory, but others are optional. For example, the syllabus of one of law schools offers 125 subjects for studying: commercial law, constitutional law, family law, philosophy, ethics, etc.

         Usually a student chooses one direction for studies. For example, subjects included in "commercial and corporate law" are the following: fundamentals of book-keeping, accounting, banking, business planning, property law (which is divided into real property - land and houses, and personal property), copyright law (dealing with intellectual property) and some others.