Informatics

Informatics (Informatics in Russian, English. Informatics, information science; it. Informatik f) - theoretical and applied (technical, technological) discipline that studies the structure and general properties of information and methods and (technical) means of creating, converting, storage, transfer and use in various fields of human diyalnosti.Osnovne theoretical computer science problem is to determine the general laws under which the information is created, it is conversion, transmission and use in different areas of science lyudyny.Prykladni tasks are to develop effective methods and tools of information processes, to identify optimal methods of scientific communication in the same science and between science and vyrobnytstvom.Istoriya informatyky.Bahato problems today solves computer science, has long been developed in line with other disciplines: librarianship, bibliography, linguistics and so on. In the early 20th century Belgian lawyer and scientist P. Otle proposed to combine the complex processes of collecting, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination of scientific documents under the title "documentation" which is sometimes synonymous with the term "science." In 1931 the International Bibliographical Institute, founded by P. Otle and Belgian lawyer and philanthropist A. Lafontaine in 1895, was renamed the International Institute for Documentation, and in 1938 - the International Federation of documentation that still remains the main international organization object brings together experts from science and scientific information diyalnosti.V an article in 1945 an American scientist and engineer W. Bush "Possible mechanism of our thinking", which first widely raised questions about the need for mechanization of information retrieval. International Conference on Scientific Information (London, 1948 Washington, 1958) marked the first stages of development of science. The importance of small scattering study of publications conducted by S. Bradford (UK, 1948). By the mid-60s in the 20th century developed the basic principles and methods of information retrieval and hardware implementation. W. Batten (UK), K. M. Muers and Taube (USA) laid the foundations of coordinate indexing, B. Vickery, D. Fosket (UK), J. Perry, A. Kent, J. Costello, GP Lung , C. Berner (USA), J. K. Garden (France) developed the basic theory and techniques of information retrieval. S. Kleverdon (UK) have studied the methods of comparison of technical efficiency of information retrieval systems of various types. R. Shaw (USA) and J. Samen (France) created the first information retrieval prystoroyi on microfilm and diamikrokartah that became the prototype for many special information machines. K. Muller and C. Carlson (USA) proposed new methods of reproduction of documents which formed the basis of modern technology reprohrafiyi.Suchasnyy stage of development characterized by a deeper understanding of general scientific value research and information and are increasingly using it in electronic computers. Theoretical and applied (technical, technological) discipline that studies the structure and general properties of information and methods and (technical) means of its creation, conversion, storage, transmission and use in various fields of human diyalnosti.Zavdannya informatyky.Osnovne theoretical computer science is the task in determining the general laws under which the information is created. There is her transformation, transmission and use in various fields of human activity. Applied science objectives are to develop effective methods and means of information processes, to identify optimal methods of scientific communication in the same science and between science and industry.