Gastric and duodenal ulcer
Plan
- The definition
- Epidemiology
- Classification
- The location of ulcer
- The pathogenesis of gastric ulcer disease
- Instrumental methods of diagnosis
- Gastric ulcer - a chronic relapsing disease,
occurring with alternating periods of exacerbation and remission, the
main feature of which is the formation of defects (ulcers) in the wall
of the stomach and duodenal ulcers (DU), a penetrating - as opposed
to surface damage of the mucosa (erosions) - in the submucosal layer.
Gastric and duodenal ulcers:
the definition
Gastric and duodenal ulcer:
epidemiology
- Ulcer of stomach and duodenum in different countries
get 7-10% of the adult population is believed that about 10% of the
population in developed countries suffer from ulcer at least once in
their lives
- The prevalence of duodenal ulcers is 15-20 times higher
in comparison with gastric ulcer
- Men suffer more often than women (duodenal ulcer 2-4
times a stomach ulcer - approximately 2-fold)
- There is an increase of ulcer bleeding associated
with NSAIDs
Gastric and duodenal ulcer:
classification
Distinguish:
- Peptic ulcer disease.
- Symptomatic gastroduodenal ulcers.
Depending on the location
of release:
- gastric ulcer (cardia and subkardialnom, gastric body,
antrum, pyloric canal);
- ulcer duodenum (bulb and postbulbarUnit);
- сочетанные язвы желудка и ДПК.
Depending on the size of
the ulcer distinguished:
- ulcers of small (up to 0.5 cm in diameter) size;
- ulcers secondary (0.6-1.9 cm in diameter) size;
- large (2.0-3.0 cm in diameter) ulcers;
- giant (more than 3.0 cm in diameter) ulcers.
By the number of ulcers
distinguish:
- solitary ulcer;
- multiple ulcers.
Celebrated stage of the
disease:
- aggravation;
- scarring (endoscopically confirmed stage "red"
and "white" scar);
- remission;
- presence of scar-ulcer strain the stomach and duodenum.
Ulcer complications
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Perforation of a hollow organ
- Cicatricial stenosis
- Penetration
- Malignancy
- Decisive link - an imbalance between the factors of
"aggression" and the factors of "protection" of
the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum
The pathogenesis of gastric
ulcer disease
The clinical picture
- Leading acute ulcer syndrome are pain in the epigastric
region
- Pain occurs after meals , after half an hour after
eating, and night pain.
- Pain passes after taking antacids, antisecretory and
antispasmodic drugs, application of heat.
Instrumental methods of
diagnosis
- X-ray examination.
- Fibrogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy followed by histological
examination of biopsy specimens.
- PH meter.